Forging press



14, 1945. E.. A. sKowRoN ET Al. 2,382,339

` FORGING PRESS Filed Nov. 9, 1944 Z5 Sheets-Sheet l duw-4 lq r roe/vensi?? TVESSES. Hi, /M

Aut 14, 1945- E. A, sKowRoN ET Ax. 2,I?82,33

FORGING PRESS Filed Nov. 9, 1944 -3 Sheets-fSheet 2 IN VEN TORS. N,(SMQ. BY hl' WSSES: @Wwwgwf y, fin/MM., inl-f @frog/vens.

Aug. 14, 1945. E. A. sKowRoN ET Al. 2,382,339

FORG ING PRESS Filed Nov. 9, 1944 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 QINVENTORS.ajgrwessfs. H' W y" l rui/f di@ 7 7- rop/VE YS.

Patented Aug. 14, 1945 FORGING PRESS Edmund A. Skowron, Pittsburgh, andWilbert H.

Woodings, Oakmont, Pa.

Application November 9, 1944, Serial No. 562,702

14 Claims.

This invention relates to forging presses, and

more particularly to the feeding of work to forging dies and the removalof it therefrom.

` The splice bars that connect the ends of railroad rails togetherbecome worn and hammered out of shape in use. Accordingly, it has beenthe practice to remove these worn splice bars and to reform them intosubstantially their original shape by first heating them and thenforging them between appropriate dies. Heretofore the general practicehas been to place each splice bar between the reforming dies by handland to remove the reformed bars in the same way. Obviously, this retardsthe reforming process and requires considerable manual labor.

It is among the objects of this invention to provide a forging presswhich 'automatically loads and strips its own dies, which accuratelypositions the work between the dies, and in which the loading andunloading mechanism is controlled in accordance with the movements ofthe reciprocating die. V ,I

In accordance with this invention a forging press is provided withcooperating top and bottom diesand with a vertically reciprocable headthat carries the top die. Suspended from this head are inwardlyprojecting loading fingers and `inwardly projecting unloading fingerslocated at opposite ends of the dies with the unloading fingers in backof the loading lingers. Means is provided for moving the fingersbackward while the head is raised, and forward while it is lowered.While the head is descending, the loading fingers are disposed below theslots in a, laterallyopen space which permits them to be moved laterallytoward or away from the die.

'I'he preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in theaccompanying drawings in which Fig. l is a side view. partly brokenaway,

pass down across the ends of the bottom die, and

while the head is rising, the unloading fingers pass up across the endsof the same die. Consequently, the loading fingers can lift an unforgedworkpiece from a conveyor or the like and then deposit it on the bottomdie, and simultaneously the unloading fingers can lift a forgedworkpiece from the bottom die and then deposit it on a work receiver. y

The lngerspreferably are carried by a pair of horizontal bars that aresuspended pivotall'y from arms pivotally connected at their upper endsto the reciprocable head. These arms are swung back and forth incooperation with the vertical z movements of the head to move thefingers from one position to another. In order that the `full length ofthe workpiece may be properly forged, the dies preferably are made aslong as the workpiece and the lower die is provided in its ends withvertical slots for receiving the vertically moving fingers. When thehead is in its lower position the flngers located adjacent the lower dieof a. forginspress provided with our` feeding mechanism; Fig, la is afragmentary side view showing the feeding mechanism in its lower rearposition; Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary view of the rear end of thefeed mechanism taken on the line II--II of Fig. l; Fig. 3 is ahorizontal section taken on the line- III-III of'Fig. 2 j and Fig. l4 isan enlarged side'view of a modified loading or unloading fingerassembly.

Referring to Fig. l of the drawings, a bed I supports a die holder 2 inwhich is mounted a lower die 8 for forgingarticles, for example, forreforming splice bars. Mounted on the base flange of the bed at oppositesides thereof is a pair of side frames 4, each in the form of twolaterally spaced vertical columns intergrally connected together attheir upper and lower` ends.

These side frames supporta chambered crown 6 which is held in place byheavy tie rods 'I that extend through the crown, side frame columns, andthe base flange ofthe bed. i

Disposed between the side frames above the bottom die is a verticallyreciprocable slide 8 that isheld in place by the side frames. In orderto support this slide in an elevated position, an opentop hydrauliccylinder 9 is rigidly mounted ineach side ofthe crown and projectsdownwardly a short distance through an opening I I (Fig. 3) in the topof the underlying side frame. Disposed in these lifting cylinders arepistons I2 which have piston rods I3 extending from their lower endsthrough the bottoms of the cylinders and into brackets 'Il by which theyare connected to the opposite sides of the slide. The lower end of eachcylinder is connected by a pipe I6 to a source of hydraulic pressure,whereby the application of pressure elevates the pistons in thecylinders and holds the slide in its upper position until the pressureis released.

Upon release of pressure from the cylinders, the

slide descends until the upper die I'I connected to its lower endengages a red hot splice. bar resting Y on the lower die. Pressure isthen applied to the .on top of the slide and extending upwardly into adownwardly opening. cylinder I9 formed in the center of the crown. Theram and slide together Vform a reciprocable head. .Hydraulic pressure isapplied to the top of the ram inside the cylinder f i 1 through a pipe2l communicating with an opening' in the top wall of the cylinder. Whenthis presl sure is released, the head can be raised by applyldepositedon some kind of a receiver such as Y skids by which they may ibedelivered to a quenching tank. Accordingly, a pair ofbrackets 25 arerigidly attached to each side of the slide near its bottom and projectdown below it. 'I'he lower ends of these brackets rotatably support theends of a pair of parallel shafts 26 which extend across the slide nearits front and' back. Splined on each shaft are the upper ends of a pairof parallelarms 21 straddled by yokes 28 provided on top withprojections 28 having threaded openingsl through VthemV parallel to theshaft. Threaded in each of these openings is a horlscrew 3| disposed ina recess in the bottom of the slide and .extending out through theadjacent bracket 25. A sprocket 32 is rigidly mounted on the projectingouter end of each screw, and the pair of sprockets at each side lof theslide are connected by a chain 33. Also, a hand wheel 34 is rigidlymounted on the outer end of one of the screws at each side of the slide.By turning the hand wheels the four screws are rotated in order to moveyokes 28 along them to thereby adjust arms 21 along shafts 26 for apurpose to,be described later.

Pivotally connected to the lower ends of the two arms at each side ofthe slide is a horizontal bar 36 near the opposite ends of whichinwardly projecting lugs or fingers are mounted. The

front fingers 31 are loading iingers and the rear ones 38 are unloadingngers. The arms are provided near their upper ends with 'lateralprolections in which stop screws 39 are adjustably mounted. Thesescrews, by engaging the bottom of the slide, limit the distance that thearms can be swung either forward orbackward. The

stops are so adjusted that in either extreme position of the arms a pairof the ngers will lie in a vertical plane extending through the centerof the dies longitudinally thereof.

For swinging the arms, a rearwardly and downwardly projecting lever 4Iis rigidly mounted on the central portion of the rear shaft 26. Thelower end of this lever is pivotally connected by a link 42 to the frontend of another lever 43 that is pivotally supported at its center by abracket 44 projecting from the iback of the slide. The rear end of thislever is pivotally connected to the lower end of a piston rod 46projecting from. a piston lin a hydraulic cylinder 41 which is pivotallyconnected at its upper end to the back of the slide. When hydraulicpressure is applied to the lower end of this cylinder, the piston. rod46 is drawn up into it, thereby swinging arms 21 to their front positionas shown in Fig. 1. When pressure is applied tothe upper end of thecylinder the piston therein is forced downwardly to thereby, throughlevers 4| and 43, swing the arms to their rear position shown in Figla.Assuming that the move/ble parts f the press' are in the position; shownin Fig. l and that an unforgedllsplice bar 48 is resting on loadingngers 31 while a bar 49 that has just been reformed rte@ change issupported by the unloading ngers 3l, the press may be set in operationby turning a valve or 1pressing Van electric control button (not shown).

` This action operates -a four-may valve .-50,1 through which oil underpressure owstothe' upper end of cylinder 41 while oil escapes from thelower end of the cylinder.` 'Ihe pressure in the cylinder moves thepiston therein downwardly and thereby causes levers 43 and 4I to swingarms 21 of the feed mechanism toward the back of the press. The stopscrews 38 on the arms will stop them in the dotted line position shownin Fig. l with the loading fingers then centered above the lower die.The tilting of lever 43- swings an actuating element 5|, operativelyconnected thereto, to

close an electric switch 52 .that operates a fourway valve 53,connecting pipes I3 and 2i to a source of hydraulic pressure, to releasethe, pressure from the lower ends of cylinders I' and to admit hydraulicpressure to the top of main cylinder I3. 'I'he head then slides downslowly and the loading lingers deposit the unforged splice bar 48 on thelower die while the unloading iingers deposit the reformed bar 43 ondelivery skids 54 as shown in Fis. 1a.

I'n order that the lower die may be as long as the splice bars, itsopposite ends are provided centrally with vertical slots 55'toaccommodate fingers 31 and 38 which, of course, extend inwardly alongthe splice bars. As shown in Fig. 2, the lower die is longer than itsholder 2 so that there will be an open space below it that -will permitthe lowered fingers to move laterally toward and away from the bottomsof slots 55 as bars 36 are swung toward the front of the press.

As soon as the upper die engages the splice bar resting on the lower diethe hydraulic pressure admitted to the top of cylinder I9 in. the crownstarts to build up and the dies press the .bar into the desired shape.When the pressure reaches a predetermined value a pressure switch 56connected to pipe 2l is tripped and, through suitable f conventionalmeans, shifts valve 58 so that iluid under pressure will be admitted tothe lower end of cylinder 41 while the upper end of the cylinder isvented. This causes lever 43 to be swung back to the position shown inFig. 1 and to thereby swing bars 36 toward the front of the press to thedotted line position shown in Fig. 1a. At the same time pressure switch56 also causes valve 53 to be shifted to a neutral position in which thepressure in cylinder I8 is released. Tilting of lever 43 permits swtich52 to open and, through another actuating element 51, closes anotherelectric switch 58 when bars 36 complete 'their forward stroke. Switch58 causes valve 53 to move from neutral position into a position thatconnects cylinders 3 with the source of hydraulic pressure so thatpistons I2v will start to rise and thereby lift the head andthe loadingmechanism. As loading fingers 31 rise they lift the next un` forgedsplice bar from entry skids 59, and unloading flngers 38 pass up throughslots 55 in the ends ofthe lower die and lift from it the bar that hasjust been forged on it. 'I'he head and the loading mechanism are thenback in the position shown in Fig. 1, ready to repeat the cycle justdescribed. IWhen it is desired to forge splice bars of a differentlength. hand wheels 34 can be turned y the spacing between bars 36accord- 'In Fig. 4 there is shown a. work-carrying finger, a pair ofwhich may be used in place of the loading fingers 31, and an additionalpair substituted for the unloading tlngers if desired. These new fingersare designed to center the splice bars between vbars 36 so that theywill rest evenly 'on the lower die and not `project from either end. Forthis purpose a bracket 6l4 is adapted to be mounted on one f the bars 36and is provided in its lower portion with a recess 62 extending transtversely through it. Extending across the outer end of this recess is apin 63, and pivotally mounted on this pin is one end of a finger 64. Thefinger extends through the recess and projects from its inner end. Theprojecting end of and bottom ldies, a vertically reciprocable headcarrying the top die, an inwardly projecting loading finger andaninwardly projecting unloading nger disposed at each end of the dies withthe unloading ngers behind the loading fingers, means suspending saidfingers from said head, and means for moving said fingers backwardwhilethe head is raised and forward while it is lowered,

said loading fingers passing down across the ends of the bottom diewhile the head is descending, and said unloading fingers passing upacross the ends of the bottom die while the head is rising, whereby anunforged workpiece may be lifted by the loading fingers from affeederand then deposited on thebottom dia/and a forged workpiece liftedby'fthe unloading fingers from the and into a slot in the finger inwhich it is pivotally connected to the finger by a pin 1I.

When a pair of these fingers rise into contact with a splice bar that isto be forged, the weight oi' the barz will tend to swing the fingersdownwardly in bracket recesses 62. However, if the bar is the longestthat the press is set for at the time, the ends of the bar will engagevertical surfaces 61 of the fingers, as well as horizontal surfaces 66,and thereby prevent thenm from swinging down. In case the splice bar isshorter,

neither end may engage vertical surfaces 61 initially, so the fingerswill be .depressed by the bar until those surfaces strike its oppositeends as shown in full lines in Fig. 4, orv until the fingers arearrested by their supporting bars 36. In many cases, however, a shortsplice bar will not be centered between the fingers when first pickedup, but will be closer to ythe vertical surface 61 of one thanthe other.When the fingers start toiswing down, one of them ill therefore push thesplice bar toward the ot er until it is centered between them with btithof its ends engaged by the vertical surfaces 61 lof the fingers.

unloading fingers, but for a different reason., It

will be seen that the fingers tend to push the bar supported by themtoward each other, and they therefore clamp it between them and hold itsteady. Thisfeature may be important in lifting forged bars from thebottom die and carrying them to the delivery skids.

.With this4 apparatus the splice bars are fed through the pressautomatically and at a more constantrate than was possible when the feedwas manual. After the press has been started in operation it willcomplete a cycle without atten-tion, and the successive cycles can bemade to follow each other automatically by merely locking 'in thestarting device in a well-known manner,

thus making the press fully automatic.

Asscording to the provisions of the patent statutes, we have explainedthe principle and construction of our invention and have illustrated anddescribed what we now consider to represent 1. A forging presscomprising cooperating top` bottom die and then deposited on areceiver.'

2. A forging press comprising' cooperating top and bottom dies, avertically reciprocable head carrying the topdie, an inwardly projectingloading finger and an inwardly projecting unloading nger disposed ateach end of the dies with the unloading ngers behind the loadingfingers, means suspending said fingers from said head. and means formoving said fingers backward while the head is raised and forward whileit is lowered, each end of the bottom die being pro vided with avertical slot terminating at its lower end in a laterally open space,said loading' fingers passing down through Asaid slots while the head isdescending. and said unloading fingers passing up through said slotswhile the head is rising, whereby an unforged workpiece may be lifted bythe loading fingers from a feeder and then deposited on the bottom die,and a forged workpiece lifted by the unloading fingersfrom the bottomdie and then deposited on a receiver.

3. A forging Dress comprising cooperating top and bottom dies, avertically reciprocable head carrying the top die, an inwardlyprojecting loading finger and an inwardly projecting unloading fingerdisposed at each end of the dies with the unloading fingers behind theloading fingers, means suspending said fingers from said head, means formoving said fingers backward while the head is raised and forward whileit is lowered, and means controlled by said movements of the fingers forlowering and raising the head, said loading fingers passing down acrossthe ends of the bottom die while the head is descending, and saidunloading fingers passing up across the ends of the bottom die while thehead is rising, whereby an unforged workpiece may be lifted by theloading fingers from a feeder and then deposited on the bottom die, andaforged workpiece lifted by the unloading fingers from the vbottom dieand then deposited on a receiver.

4. A forging press comprising cooperating top and bottom dies, .avertically reciprocable head carrying the top die, an inwardlyprojecting loading finger and an inwardly projecting unloading ngerdisposed at each end of the dies with the unloading fingers behind theloading fingers, vertically extending arms pivotally connected at theirupper ends to said head for oscillation in parallel vertical planes atthe opposite ends of the dies, means connectingsaid fingers to the lowerends of the arms, and means for swinging said arms backward while thehead is raised and forward while it is lowered, said loading fingerspassing down across the ends of the bottom die while the head isdescending, and said unloading fingers passing up across the ends of thebottom die while the head is rising, whereby an unforged workpiece maybe lifted by the loading fingers from a feeder and then deposited onthe'bottom die, and a forged workpiece lifted by the unloading ngersfrom the bottom die and then deposited on a receiver.

5. A forging press comprising cooperating top and bottom dies, avertically reciprocable head carrying the vtop die, an inwardlyprojecting loading finger and an inwardly projecting unloading fingerdisposed at each end of the dies with the unloading fingers behind theloading fingers, vertically extending arms pivotally connected at theirupper ends tol said head for oscillation in parallel vertical planes atthe opposite ends of the dies, means connecting said fingers to thelower ends of the arms, a fluid pressure cylinder connected to saidhead, and means operatively connecting said cylinder to' said arms forswinging the arms backward while the head is raised and forward while itis lowered, said loading fingers passing down across the ends of thebottom die while the head is descending, and said unloading fingerspassing up across the ends of the bottom die while the head is rising,whereby an unforged workpiece maybe lifted by the loading fingers from afeeder and then deposited on the bottom die, and a forged workpiecelifted by the unloading fingers from the bottom die and then depositedon a receiver.

6. A forging press comprising cooperating top vand bottom dies, avertically reciprocable head carrying the top die, a pair of horizontalbars disposed in parallel vertical planes at the opposite ends of thedies, means suspending each bar -from said head for lengthwise movement,a loading :finger projecting inwardly from the front end of each bar, anunloading finger projecting inwardly from the rear end of each bar, eachend of the bottom die being provided with a vertical slot terminating atits lower endl in a laterally open space, and. means for swinging saidbars backward while the head is raised and forward while it is lowered,said loading fingers passing down through said Vslots while the head isdescending, and said unloading lingers passing up through said slotswhile the head is rising, whereby an unforged workpiece may be lifted bythe loading fingers from a feeder and then deposited on the bottom die,and a forged workpiece lifted by the unloading fingers from the bottomdie and then deposited on a receiver.

'7. A forging press comprising cooperating top and bottom dies, avertically reciprocable head carrying the top die, a pair of horizontalbars disposed in parallel vertical planes at the opposite ends of thedies, a pair of arms at each end of the dies pivotally connected to saidhead and to the opposite ends of the underlying bar, means for swingingthe arms backward while the head is raised and forward while it islowered, a loading finger projecting inwardly from the front end of eachbar, an unloading finger projecting inwardly from the rear end of eachbar, each end of the bottom die being providedrwith a vertical slotterminating at its lower end in a laterally open space, said loadingfingers passing down through said slots while. the head is descending,and said unloading fingers passing up through said slots while the headis rising, whereby an unforged workpiece may be lifted by the loadingfingers from a feeder and then deposited on the bottom die, and a forgedworkpiece lifted by the unloading fingers from the. bottom die and thendeposited on a receiver.

8. A forging press comprising cooperating top and bottom dies, avertically reciprocable head carrying the top die, a pair of horizontalbars i. disposed in parallel vertical planes at the opposite ends of thedies, a pair of arms at each end of the dies pivotally connected to saidhead and to the opposite ends of the underlying bar, a lever operativelyconnected to the arms, fluid pressure actuated means carried by saidhead and operatively connected to said lever for actuating it to swingthe arms backward while the head is raised and forward while it islowered, a loading finger projecting inwardly from thefront end of eachbar, an unloading finger projecting inwardly from the rear end of eachbar, each end of the bottom die being provided with a vertical slotterminating at its lower end in a laterally open space, said loadingfingers passing down through said slots while the head is descending,and said unloading fingers passing up through said slots whiley the headis rising, whereby an -unforged workpiece may be lifted by the loadingfingers from a feeder and then deposited on the bottom die, and a forgedworkpiece lifted by the unloading fingers from the bottom die and thendeposited on a receiver. t

9. A forging press comprising cooperating top and bottom dies, avertically reciprocable head carrying the top die, an inwardlyprojecting loading nger and an inwardly projecting unloading fingerdisposed at each end of the dies with the unloading fingers behind theloading fingers, means suspending said fingers from said head, means formoving said fingers backward while the head is raised,'and meanscontrolled by the pressure of the top die against a workpiece for movingsaid fingers forward while the head is lowered, said loading fingerspassing down across the ends of the bottom die while the head isdescending, and said unloading fingers passing up across the ends of thebottom die while the head is rising, whereby an unforged workpiece maybe lifted by the loading fingers from a feeder and then deposited on thebottom die, and a forged workpiece lifted by the unloading fingers fromthe bottom die and then deposited on a receiver.

10. A forging press comprising cooperating top and bottom dies, avertically reciprocable head carrying the top die, an inwardlyprojecting loading finger and an inwardly projecting unloading lingerdisposed at each end of the dies with the unloading fingers ,behind theloading fingers, means suspending said fingers from said head, means formoving said fingers backward while the head is raised, and meanscontrolled by the pressure of the top die against a workpiece for movingsaid fingers forward While the head is lowered, and means controlled bysaid movements of the fingers for lowering and raising the head, saidloading fingers passing down across the ends of the bottom die while thehead is descending, and said unloading fingers passing upacross the endsof the bottom die while the head is rising, whereby an unforgedworkpiece may be lifted by the loading fingers from a feeder and thendeposited on the bottom die, and a forged workpiece lifted by theunloading fingers from the bottom die and then deposited on a receiver.

ll. A forging press comprising top and bottom dies, a verticallyreciprocable head carrying the top die, a pair of parallel shaftsextending across the bottom of the head near its front and rear sides,means rotatably supporting said shafts from the head, a pair oflaterally spaced arms splined at their upper ends on eachshaft, manuallyoperable means for adjusting said arms along the shafts, a pair ofhorizontal bars disposed in parallel vertical planes at the oppositeends of the dies, each bar being pivotally connected tothe lower ends ofthe arms beside it, means connected to one of said shafts foroscillating it to swing said bars backward in said planes while the headis raised and forward while it is lowered, a loading linger projectinginwardly from thefront end of each bar, an unloading linger projectinginwardly from the rear end of each bar, said loading lingers passingdownwardly across the ends of the bottom die while the head isdescending, and said unloading lingers passing up across the ends of thebottom die while the head is rising, whereby an unforged workpiece maybe lifted by the loading lingers from a feeder and then deposited on thebottom die, and a forged workpiece lifted by the unloading fingers fromthe bottom die and then deposited on a receiver.

ciprocable head carrying the top die, an inwardly projecting loadingfinger and an inwardly profrom said head, the outer ends of said loading12. A forging press comprising top and bottom dies, a verticallyreciprocable head carrying the top die, a pair of parallel shaftsextending across the lbottom of the head near its front and rear si'des,means rotatably supporting said shafts from the head, a pair oflaterally spaced arms splined at their upper ends on each shaft, a screwthreadably connected to the upper end of each arm andl extendingoutwardly along the adjacent shaft, means operably connecting the outerends of the pair of screws at each side of the head for manual rotationin unison to adjust said arms along the shafts, a pair of horizontalbars disposed in parallel vertical planes at the opposite ends of thedies, each bar being pivotally connected to the lower ends of the armsbeside it, means connected to one of said shafts for oscillating it toswing said bars backward in said planes while the head is raised andforward whilel it is lowered, a loading linger projecting inwardly fromthe front end of each bar, an unloading linger projecting inwardly fromthe rear end of each bar, said loading lingers passing downwardly acrossthe en ds of the bottom die while the head is descending, and saidunloading fingers passing up across `the ends of the bottom die whilethe head is rising, whereby an unforged workpiece may be lifted by theloading fingers from a feeder and then deposited on the bottom die, anda forged workpiece lifted by the unloading lingers from the bottom dieand then deposited on a receiver.

13. A forging press comprising cooperating cooperating top and bottomdies, a vertically relingers being pivotally mounted on horizontal axesand their inner ends having substantially horizontal work-supportingsurfaces with s ubstantially vertical work-engaging surfaces risingtherefrom for centering a workpiece between the lading lingers, meansbiasing said inner ends of the pivoted fingers upwardly, and means formoving said lingers backward while the head is raised and forward whileit is lowered, said loading lingers passing down across the ends of thebottom die while the head is descending, and said unloading lingerspassing up across the ends of the bottom die while the head is rising,whereby an unforged workpiece may be lifted by the loading fingers froma feeder and then deposited on the bottom die, and a forged workpiecelifted by the unloading fingers from the bottom die and then depositedon a receiver.

14. A forging press comprising cooperating top and bottom dies, avertically reciprocable head carrying the top die, an inwardlyprojecting loading linger and an inwardly projecting unloading lingerdisposed at each end of the dies with the unloading lingers behind theloading lingers, means suspending said lingers from said head, the outerends of said loading fingers being lpivotally mounted on horizontal axesand their inner ends having substantially horizontal work-supportingsurfaces with substantially vertical workengaging surfaces risingtherefrom for centering a work-piece between the loading fingers, avertical rod pivotally connected at its lower end to each pivotedfinger, and a coil spring encircling each rod and compressed thereon forurging the rod and underlying finger upwardly, and means for moving saidlingers backward while the head is raised and forward while it islowered, said loading lingers passing down across the ends of the bottomdie while the head is descending, and said unloading lingers passing upacross the ends of the bottom die while the head is rising, whereby anunforged Workpiecemay be lifted by the loading fingers from a feeder andthen deposited on the bottom die, and a forged workpiece lifted by theunloading lingers from the bottom die and then deposited on a receiver.

EDMUND A. SKOWRON. WILBERT H. WOODINGS.

